Bolivia has one of the Western Hemisphere's highest rates of maternal and neonatal mortality. While institutional delivery and attendance by a skilled provider has increased over the last decade, home delivery attended by personnel with no biomedical training remains high among womrn who are poor and/or live in rural areas. These are also the women most at risk for maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. This study will explore factors that influence women's decisions about careseeking during pregnancy, labor and delivery, and in the immediate post-partum period. The target population is poor and/or rural women in Bolivia's Chaco area, near the Argentine border, home to many Guaran, a marginalized ethnic minority that suffers a disproportionate share of Bolivia's burden of disease.